Economic and Demographic History of the United States
Byline:
U.S POPULATION
1.U.S. POPULATION GREW 4 FOLD SINCE 1900
2.ANNUAL RATE OF NATIVE POPULATION GROWTH SLOWED AFTER 1960
UNITED STATES POPULATION, 1900-2010
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FALLING DEATH RATE, MASSIVE IMMIGRATION SPURRED POPULATION INCREASE
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U.S PERCENT OF POPULATION FLAT AT 4.5% SINCE 1900
MEAN CENTER OF POPULATION FOR U.S. 1790-2000
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MAJORITY OF U.S. POPULATION NOW IN WEST AND SOUTH
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CALIFORNIA GREW FROM 1.5 MILLION IN 1900 TO 40 MILLION
U.S. POPULATION CHANGE, 1900-1990
1. WEST ENJOYED THE GREATEST PERCENTAGE
GROWTH FOR EVERY DECADE SINCE 1900
2. SOUTH HAS GROWN SIGNIFICANTLY
3. SUNBELT BECOMING U.S. MAJOR POPULATION CENTER PRIMARILY BECAUSE OF AIR CONDITIONING
U.S. POPULATION GROWTH SINCE 1900
1. GROWTH FROM NATIVE AMERICANS EXPECTED TO LEVEL OFF AND THEN DECLINE
2. MORE THAN 100% OF GROWTH BECAUSE OF IMMIGRATION AND THEIR FERTILITY RATES.
ESTIMATED 420-450 MILLION
U.S. RURAL AND URBAN POPULATION
1. URBAN FRACTION GREW FROM 40% IN 1900 TO 75% IN 1990
2. PROHIBTION PASSED BEFORE 1920 CENSUS WHEN RURAL PROTESTANTS DOMINATED AMERICA
3. SUBURBS GREW FROM ALMOST NON-EXISTENT TO 52% 2000—AUTOMOBILE PRIMARY FACTOR
FARM OPERATORS
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DROPPED FROM 5.7 MILLION TO 1.9 MILLION
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ARGUMENT AGAINST ESTATE TAX TO “KEEP SMALL FARMER” BECOMING HYPOTHETICAL
DISTRIBUTION OF U.S. POPULATION BY RACE/ ETHNICITY
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2000 70% WHITE; 12% HISPANIC 12% AFRICAN AMERICAN, ASIAN 2.5%
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2050 50% WHITE; 24% HISPANIC, 15% AFRICAN AMERICAN, 8% ASIAN; 5.3% OTHER
ETHNIC COMPOSITION OF TEN LARGEST CITIES
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1900 97% WHITE
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1990 38% WHITE, 31% BLACK, OTHER 31%
US AGE DISTRIBUTION BY RACE, ETHNICITY
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HISPANIC POPULATION UNDER 15(30% VS. U.S. (20%)
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5.7% HISPANICS 65 AND OLDER; U.S. 13%
POPULATION DISTRIBUTION BY AGE—CHANGE SLIDE
SHORTENING OF MEN’S WORKING LIVES
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86% MEN IN 1900 DECLINED TO 75%
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63% MEN OVER 65 DECLINED TO 17%
NUMBER OF IMMIGRANTS AND THEIR SHARE OF TOTAL U.S. POPULATION 1850-2013
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NUMBER OF IMMIGRANTS HAS INCREASE 4 FOLD SINCE 1970
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PERCENTAGE FROM 1970 TRIPLED
IMMIGRATION INTO UNITED STATES, 1820-2010
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UNTIL 1890: MOSTLY GERMANY, IRISH
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1890-1920: EASTERN EUROPEANS, JEWS, AND ITALIANS
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AFTER 1960 PRIMARILY HISPANICES, THEN ASIANS
ORIGINS LEGAL IMMIGRANTS TO UNITED STATES
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1900-1930 ALMOST EXCLUSIVELY EUROPEANS
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1930-1965: DIVIDED BETWEEN EUOPEANS AND HISPANICS
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1965-1998: MOSTLY HISPANICS FOLLOWED BY ASIANS
BLACK POPULATION BY STATE
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DEEP SOUTH: MORE THAN 20%
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BORDER STATES, MIDWEST AND NORTHEAST 6-20%
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LESS THAN 2 % MOUNTAIN STATES
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
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HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES ROSE FROM 13% TO 83% POPULATION
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COLLEGE GRADUATES ROSE FROM 3% TO 24%
PERCENTAGE GROWTH OF ADULTS WITH ADVANCED DEGREES BY RACE 2003-2013
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WHITE WOMEN INCREASED BY 45%
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BLACK WOMEN INCREASED BY 79%
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HISPANIC INCREASED BY 129%
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ASIAN-PACIFIC ISLANDER 95%
PERCENTAGE OF AUDLTS WITH DEGREES BY RACE
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24% WHITES BACHELOR DEGREE; 14% ADVANCED DEGREE
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BLACK 14% BACHELOR DEGREE; 7.6% ADVANCED DEGREE
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ASIAN-PACIFIC 23% BACHELOR DEGREE, 23% ADVANCED DEGREE
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HISPANIC 10.8% BACHELOR DEGREE; 4.4% ADVANCED DEGREE
ENGINEERS, LAWYERS, AND PHYSICIANS 1900-2000 PER THOUSAND
PHYSICIANS 1.7 -2.7
LAWYERS 1.4- 3.5
ENGINEERS .5-7.6
U.S. GDP IN CURRENT DOLLARS
PRETTY FLAT UNTIL 1960
RISEN DRAMATICALLY 1960-PRESENT—COMBINATION OF REAL GROWTH + INFLATION
GDP PER CAPITAL EXPRESSED IN 2005 CONSTANT DOLLARS
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INCREASED ALMOST 9 FOLD SINCE 1900
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AVERAGE PERSON BY OUR DEFINITION LIVED IN POVERTY IN 1900
U.S. GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT PER CAPITA, 1951-2010
1. GROWN 9 FOLD SINCE 1950
2. PRETTY FLAT UNTIL 1975
REAL MEDIAN INCOME BY RACE 1967-2011
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ASIANS HIGHEST $65,000
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WHITE, NON HISPANIC $55,000
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ALL RACES $50,000
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HISPANIC $38,000
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BLACK $32,000
DISPOSABLE PERSONAL INCOME PER CAPITA GROWTH SINCE 2000
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REAL INCOME GREW ABOUT 17%
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NOMINAL INCOME GREW ABOUT 48%
INCOME GAINS AT TOP DWARF THOSE OF LOW AND MIDDLE-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS SINCE 1979
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TOP 1% GREW 281%
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HIGHEST FIFTH GREW 95%
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MIDDLE FIFTH GREW 25%
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BOTTOM 5TH GREW 16%
RICHEST 1 PERCENT GET THREE-FOURTHS OF ALL CAPITAL GAINS
1.NEXT 4 PERCENT GET 12.5%
2. MIDDLE GET 1.3%
INCOME DISTRIBUTIION
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TOP 20% GET 46.2%
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4TH QUARTILE GET 22.3%
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MIDDLE QUARTILE GET 15.6%
WHAT DO YOU HAVE TO MAKE IN A YEAR TO BE IN THE TOP 1% OF YOUR STATE
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NEW YORK $560 THOUSAND
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FLORIDA $378 THOUSAND
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NEW MEXICO $241 THOUSAND
CHANGES IN FAMILY INCOME DISTRIBUTION 1947-2011
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TOP 5% ROSE 300%
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MEDIAN ROSE 225%
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BOTTOM 20% DOUBLED
THE RISE AND FALL OF MIDDLE-CLASS WEALTH
THE SHARE OF TOTAL U.S. WEALTH OWNED BY BOTTOM 90% OF FAMILIES, 1917-2012
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ROSE FROM 20% 1917 TO 37% 1989
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FELL TO 25% 2013
GROSS FEDERAL DEBT OFFICIALLY HITS $16 TRILLION
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TRIPLED SINCE 2000
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INCREASED $5.4 TRILLION SINCE JAN 2009
HISTORICAL U.S. DEBT PERCENT OF ECONOMY
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OVER 100% WWII
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ALMOST 100% TODAY
LABOR FORCE PARTIPATION RATE (1948-2014)
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REACHED 67% AROUND 2000
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DECLINED TO 63% IN 2013
WOMEN’S WORKFORCE PARTICIPATION: 1990 AND 2010
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UNITED STATES BEHIND MANY COUNTRIES
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